簡要(yao)描述(shu)：pH電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)測量(liang)的(de)(de)核心理論是(shi)能斯特方程(cheng)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)分析法所用的(de)(de)傳感(gan)器被(bei)稱為(wei)原(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。原(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是(shi)一個(ge)(ge)系統,它(ta)的(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用是(shi)使化學(xue)反應能量(liang)轉(zhuan)成為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能。此電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓被(bei)稱為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動勢(EMF)。此電(dian)(dian)(dian)動勢(EMF)由二個(ge)(ge)半(ban)(ban)(ban)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)構成。其中一個(ge)(ge)半(ban)(ban)(ban)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)稱作(zuo)(zuo)測量(liang)傳感(gan)器,它(ta)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)與(yu)特定的(de)(de)離子活度有關;另一個(ge)(ge)半(ban)(ban)(ban)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)為(wei)參比半(ban)(ban)(ban)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi),通常稱作(zuo)(zuo)參比傳感(gan)器,它(ta)一般是(shi)與(yu)測量(liang)溶液相通,并且與(yu)測量(liang)儀表相連(lian)。